Midrash - Afrikaans

April 1, 2025

Wat Is Midrasj?®

Midrasj is ‘n manier van Bybel interpretasie, Skrif vertolking, wat deur Rabbi’s van ouds en in dit tyd van Jesus en Paulus gebruik was. Midrasj sluit ‘n historiese grammatika eksegese in, vaagweg dieselfde as die westerse modelle van Bybel interpretasie wat die Hervormers by die sestiende eeu se Humaniste gekry het, maar dit was maar die eerste stap in hierdie rigting.

Die doel van midrasj in die hantering van verskillende Bybelse literatuur style, soos verhale, wysheid literatuur, Hebreeuse digkuns en apokalipties, is om verwante verhoudings tussen verskillende Skrif te vind en dan so die Skrifte te verklaar in die lig van ander verwante Skrifte. Die benadering is egter meer op temas gevestig as lynvormig. Die duidelikste stel riglyne in midrasj is die Sewe Midroth wat toegeskrywe word aan Rabbi Hillel, die stigter van die Farasetiese skool van Hillel, waar Rabbi Shaul (Paulus) sy onderrig as ‘n rabbi ontvang het onder Rabbi Gamaliel, die kleinseun van Hillel.

Midrasj maak intens gebruik van allegorie en tipologie om Skrif gedeeltes te illustreer en te verlig maar dit word nooit gebruik as ‘n basis vir Bybelse Leerstelling nie. In midrasj word daar gekyk na die veelvuldige betekenisse wat in ‘n Skrif gedeeltes gevind kan word.

Dit verskil egter heeltemal met sekere fundamentele beginsels van die gnostiese en Aleksandrynse gebruike van interpretasies en sinnebeelde wat met Philo en Origen verbind word waar meer klem gelê op die Hebreeuse agtergrond in plaas van ‘n Hellenistiese filosofiese wêreldse en ‘n teologiese oorsig.

Midrasj interpreteer profesie as ‘n sikliese patroon van historiese herhalings, (Profesie het ‘n veelvuldige vervulling.) met die uiteindelike vervulling wat geassosieer word met die eskatologie wat die finale fokuspunt van die redding proses is. ‘n Klasieke werk in midrasj is die Midrasj Rabba op Genesis. (Berashith) ‘n Ander een is Lamentations Rabba. Midrasj handhaaf ‘n sekere formaat, een is die Mashal / Nimshal formaat wat ons sien in Spreuke, of die gelykenisse waar fisiese dinge geestelike dinge verteenwoordig. Beeldryke midrasj blootstelling in die Nuwe Testament word gesien soos byvoorbeeld in die Brief van Judas of Galasiërs 4:24?34. Dit is midrasj wat toegeskryf kan word vir die manier waarop die Nuwe Testament die Ou Testament hanteer. ‘n Ander formaat is die parashiyot; gedeeltes wat begin met ‘n petihah waar ‘n basis teks opgevolg word deur 'n kommentaar. Addisioneel tot eksegetiese midrasj is daar homiletiek midrasjims wat gerangskik is in temas beredeneerde pisaqaot. Dit word dikwels opgevolg deur yelammedenu rabbenu formaat wat deur Jesus in die Evangelies gebruik is. Beide hierdie midrasjims is haggadies. Daar is ook ander midrasj literatuur wat halakik is, maar hulle is minder belangrik in Nuwe Testamentiese studies.

As iemand nie in Judaïsme, Hebreeus of in teologie opgelei is nie dan is dit makliker om midrasj te demonstreer as wat dit is om dit te verduidelik. Moriel verskaf verskillende klank kassette en video

bande waar midrasj prakties toegepas word en hoedat die Skrifte geinterpreteer word.

Een voorbeeld is die vrou by die fontein, en ‘n Midrasj interpretasie van Johannes 4 waar die Skrifte gebruik word in verband met Roomse Katolisisme.

As u oplet na die wyse waarop die Nuwe Testament die Ou Testament aanhaal, dan is dit baie duidelik dat die apostels nie ‘n westerse protestantse eksegese metodes of ‘n interpretasie gebruik het nie. Jesus was ‘n Rabbi en Paulus was ‘n rabbi en hulle het die Bybel ge interpreteer soos die ander rabbi’s wat midrasj metode gevolg het. Iets het verkeerd gegaan in die vroeë Kerk, sy het weg beweeg van haar Joodse wortels, en soos wat al meer heidene die Christelike geloof aangeneem het, het iets gebeur waarteen Paulus ons in Romeine 11 gewaarsku het wat nie moet gebeur nie. “??en jy wat 'n wilde olyfboom was, onder hulle ingeënt is en deel gekry het aan die wortel en die vettigheid van die olyfboom, moet dan nie teen die takke roem nie; en as jy roem dit is nie jy wat die wortel dra nie, maar die wortel vir jou. “??maar jy staan deur die geloof. Moenie hoogmoedig wees nie, maar vrees.” (Rom.

11:16?20) Die kerk het haar wortels, haar fondasie vergeet.

Wanneer daar ‘n verandering in ‘n wêreld siening plaasvind dan gaan daar ook ‘n verandering in die teologie plaasvind. ‘n Positiewe stap om sulke veranderings te hanteer word genoem her? kontekstualisering, maar ‘n negatiewe stap word genoem her? definiëring.

Toe Wycliffe ‘n Bybel vertaling vir ‘n Afrika stam moes doen wat op die ekwator gewoon het waar mense nog nooit sneeu gesien het nie, het hy Jesaja 1:18 aangepas deur dit vertaal na: “?al was julle sondes soos skarlaken, dit sal wit word soos ‘n kokosneut. (sneeu) Dit is her? kontekstualisering waar dieselfde waarheid geneem word en dit dan in konteks van iemand anders se taal, of kultuur of wêreld visie te plaas. Dit is heel aanvaarbaar want dit doen geen skade aan die boodskap nie, in kontras met her? definiëring. Konstantyn die Grote, ‘n Roomse Keiser in 306?337, het in 312 ‘n ander vorm van die kruis aangeneem, die Labarum. In 313 het hy die Edik van Milaan uitgevaardig wat die Christendom wettig verklaar het. Die Evangelie word geherdefinieer inplaas van om dit te her verklaar volgens die Bybel.

Herdefiniëring verander die betekenis van die Bybel, dit is verkeerd, en dit is wat in die vroeë Kerk gebeur het. Nadat Konstantyn die Grote die Christendom in ‘n staat godsdiens verander het, het mense begin om die Evangelie radikaal te herdefinieer. Sommige van die vroeë Kerk Vaders het geglo dat dit wat die beste was in die Griekse teosofie, byvoorbeeld die monistiese idees van Plato en Sokrates, sal help om die Griekse wêreld voor te berei vir die koms van Jesus op dieselfde wyse wat die Tora (Die Ou Testament) die Joodse wêreld voorberei het. Tot op ‘n punt is hierdie ‘n aanvaarbare stelling. Teosofie is enige filosofie wat probeer om ‘n direkte goddelike beginsel vas te stel in ‘n poging om geestelike insig te verkry. Daar is ‘n Griekse (Hellenistiese) manier van dink en daar is ‘n Hebreeuse manier van dink, Paulus het albei gebruik. Toe Paulus in die Aropagus in Athene vir die Jode die Evangelie gebring het, (Hand. 17:22?31) het hy die Griekse manier van dink gebruik. Die Jode soek na ‘n teken en die Grieke soek na wysheid. Daar is ‘n geldigheid in albei as dit Skriftuurlik toegepas word.

‘ n Groot probleem het ontstaan toe mense begin het om ‘n Joodse geloof te Helleniseer. In stede van om die Evangelie te herkontekstualiseer het hulle begin om die Evangelie in Griekse terme te

herdefinieer.

Origen, ‘n leier van die beroemde teologiese skool in Aleksandrië, een van die eerste Bybel Teks kritici in die jare 185?245, het Mattheus 19:12 letterlik opgeneem en homself gekastreer, hierdie befaamde leier was een van die eerste mense wat ‘n sistematiese verklaring van geloof voorgestel het, een van die eerste Bybel kommentators, een van die eerste sistematiese teoloë. Dit het uitsluitlik gebeur in Aleksandrië in die tyd van Origen, maar dit het ‘n groot probleem geword na Konstantyn, met die bekendmaking van die leerstellings van Augustinus van Hipo, en die mense wat hom beïnvloed het soos Cyprian van Carthage, Ambrose en ander.

Die Grieke het baie dinge geken van Plato en Sokrates wat waar was soos die feit dat ‘n mens na die Beeld van God geskape is, enige mens, self mense wat nie ‘n Joods Christelike agtergrond gehad het nie en wat geen toegang tot die Bybel gehad het nie, kan deur hulle natuurlike instinkte weet dat daar net een ware God bestaan en dat die mens gevalle is. (Dit staan in Romeine 1:18?20) Ons kan tot op ‘n punt saamstem met die Griekse Teosofie, tot op ‘n punt waar hulle saamstem met die Bybel, maar wanneer mense die Evangelie herinterpreteer en herdefinieer in die lig van ‘n Griekse wêreld visie, dan het ons ‘n probleem. Die Grieke het geglo aan dualisme. Hulle het geglo dat alles wat van vlees is sleg was, en dat alles wat van die gees was, goed was. ‘n Griek wat hierdie woorde lees: “In die begin was die Woord, en die Woord was by God, en die Woord was God,” ?(Joh. 1) kon daarmee saamstem, maar waar die Skrifte sê: “Die Woord het Vlees geword” kon hulle nie saamstem nie. (Joh. 1:14)

Die Grieke het geglo dat alle fisiese dinge sleg was net omdat dit fisies was. Die Bybel sê dat die geestelike en die vleeslike veronderstel is om in harmonie met mekaar saam te werk, en dit is nie veronderstel dat daar enige afwyking of konflikte tussen die twee moet wees nie.

Die vlees is gevalle, dit is waar, maar daar is niks verkeerd met die fisiese elemente van die vlees nie. Augustinus het nie net die Bybel geherkontekstualiseer nie, hy het ook die Christendom geherdefinieer as ‘n Griekse Platoniese godsdiens. Augustinus het dinge gesê soos: Die enigste goeie ding van ‘n huwelik is om kinders te hê wat selibaat sal wees. (Kinders met geen seksuele verhoudings nie.) Die Manichane, (‘n Persiese?Christelike beweging in die derde eeu) wat beweer het dat die eerste sonde uit die huwelik verhouding ontstaan het, het hierdie idees in die Griekse wêreld ingestuur. Dit is hoekom Roomse Katolisisme tot vandag toe nie seksualiteit kan hanteer nie, dit is ook waarom daar so baie beperkinge en seksuele probleme onder die Roomse Katolieke bestaan. Mense het begin om die Bybel te herinterpreteer, hulle het die Joodse metode van midrasj verwerp en Griekse metodes begin gebruik.

Tipologie en allegorie.

Midrasj gebruik tipologie en allegorie om Skrif gedeeltes te illustreer en te verlig. Byvoorbeeld:

Jesus is die Pasga Lam. Die simboliek van die Joodse Pasga illustreer die Bybelse leerstellings van versoening uitstekend maar nooit word die leerstellings van versoening gebaseer op simbolisme nie. Die

simboliek illustreer die leerstellings wat self duidelik in ander gedeeltes van die Skrifte aangehaal word. In die Gnostiese wêreld van die Griekse denke gebeur net die teenoorgestelde. Die Gnostiese wêreld maak daarop aanspraak dat hulle ‘n subjektiewe mistieke insig het in verband met simboliek wat hulle dan ook gnostisisme noem. Hulle herinterpreteer dan ook die eenvoudig betekenis van die teks in die lig van die gnosis. Vir gnostiese is simbolisme dan ook die basis van hulle dogma wat heeltemal in teenstelling is met die metodes van die Jode van ouds. Hierdie metodes het dan ook in die Kerk ingesluip deur mense wat beïnvloed was deur Philo. Philo het dan ook progressief in die Roomse Katolisisme stelsels ingesypel tot by ‘n punt waar Augustinus gesê het: “As God dan geweld gebruik het om Paulus tot bekering te bring, dan kan die Kerk ook geweld gebruik om mense tot bekering te bring,” Dit is hierdie dinge wat aanleiding gegee het tot die Kruistogte, die Spaanse Inkwisisie en andere. In stede van herkontekstualisering het hulle die Skrifte geherdefinieer. Hulle het ‘n Joodse Boek gelees asof dit ‘n Griekse boek is, dit was ‘n groot fout.

Die Reformasie.

Dit het begin by Origen in die Ooste en Augustinus in die Weste en so het dit stadigaan oor die eeue versleg. In die Middel Eeue het dit baie sleg gegaan en dinge soos Skolastiek het in die prentjie gekom. Islam het Aristoteles se idees opgeraap, daarna het die Kruisvaarders dit terug gebring na Europa en in die Middeleeue Roomse Katolisisme. Moses Maimonidus het Judaïsme herskryf as ‘n Aristoteles godsdiens daarna met Thomas Aquinas ook die Christendom herskryf as ‘n Aristoteles godsdiens. Hierna het die Hervormers gekom en dit probeer regstel wat verkeerd gegaan het in die Middeleeue Katolisisme, maar ongelukkig, alhoewel die Hervormers dinamiese persoonlikhede was, was hulle nie dinamiese denkers nie.

Humanisme: Die fondasie van die Reformasie.

Die Reformasie was gebore uit wat genoem word Humanisme. (Let op: Die eerste Humanisme was nie sekulêr nie, hulle was Christene.) Die beste humaniste was manne soos Thomas A Kempis, John Colet, en Jacques Lefèvre. Maar die grootste van hulle almal was Erasmus van Rotterdam. Luther, Calvyn, Zwingli en die meeste van die ander Hervormers het hulle idees van Erasmus gekry. Erasmus en die ander Humaniste het probeer om die Bybel te bestudeer en te leer in sy eenvoudige letterlike betekenis in ‘n poging om die Middeleeue korrupsie van Roomse katolisisme reg te stel. Hulle het dit beklemtoon dat die Bybel as literatuur en geskiedenis bestudeer moet word en so het hulle vir ons ‘n stelsel van historiese grammatika eksegese gegee wat tot vandag toe deur die Protestantse Kerke gebruik word.

Die probleem van die Hervormers is dat hulle net so ver gegaan het. Hulle het reëls gemaak wat hulle applikasie van historiese grammatika stelsels beheer het om die Middeleeue Katolisisme teen te staan en baie van hierdie reëls staan vandag nog. Een van hierdie reëls bepaal dan ook dat daar baie toepassings van die Skrifte kan wees maar dat daar net een interpretasie kan bestaan. Dit is ‘n totale mistasting. Die Talmoed vertel vir ons dat daar meervoudige interpretasies bestaan. Met wie het Jesus saamgestem? Met die Hervormers? Of met die rabbi’s?

Die teken van die profeet Jona.

“ Maar Hy antwoord en sê vir hulle: 'n Slegte en owerspelige geslag soek na 'n teken, en geen teken sal aan hom gegee word nie, behalwe die teken van die profeet Jona.” (Mat. 12:39)

Wat is die “teken” van die profeet Jona? Op een plek sê Jesus: “Want soos Jona drie dae en drie nagte in die buik van die groot vis was, só sal die Seun van die mens drie dae en drie nagte in die hart van die aarde wees.”(Mat 12:40) Maar dieselfde tyd sê die Here dat dit as gevolg van die feit is dat Ninevé hulle bekeer het op die prediking van die profeet Jona. (Luk 11:32)

Die boodskap hier is dat die Heidene tot bekering sal kom en die Jode nie, dit is ook ‘n teken van die profeet Jona. Hier is alreeds twee geloofwaardige interpretasies van hierdie teken. So, waar Protestante Bybel vertolking beweer dat daar net een interpretasie bestaan en dat die res net ‘n toepassing is, is nie waar nie, hulle is uit lyn uit met die Here self.

Die verhaal van die Nuwe Skepping.

‘ n Ander reël van Gereformeerde hermeneutiek sê: “As die eenvoudige bewoording van die Skrifte sin maak moet dan nie verder soek na ander betekenisse nie, vat dit soos dit daar staan en los dit.” Dit is ook nie waar nie.

Wanneer ‘n Joodse Christen van die eerste of die twee eeu n.C. die Evangelie van Johannes gelees het dan het hy dit verbind met die Boek Genesis. Johannes praat van ‘n Nuwe Skepping, dinge wat betrekking het op die eerste Skepping. Hy het gesien hoedat God se Gees oor die waters beweeg het en hoedat die eerste Skepping in Genesis geskape is, en nou het God se Gees weer oor die waters beweeg en die Nuwe Skepping is gebore in die Evangelie van Johannes. Die Skepping in Genesis praat van die klein liggie en die groot lig wat verwys na die son en die maan. In Johannes sien ons weer die klein liggie? Johannes die Doper en die Groot Lig? Jesus die Messias, in die Nuwe Skepping.

Die vye boom in Joodse midrasj verteenwoordig metafories die Boom van die Lewe wat ons in die tuin in Genesis, en in Esegiël 47, en die Boek Openbaring sien.

In Johannes 1:48, toe Natánael vir Jesus gevra het hoedat die Here hom so goed ken, het die Here geantwoord: Omdat “Ek jou onder die vyeboom gesien het.” Wat die Here hier vir Natánael gesê het was nie net dat Hy hom onder ‘n letterlike vyeboom gesien het nie, alhoewel dit deel was daarvan, wat die Here hier in midrasj gesê het was dit: Ek het jou in die Tuin gesien, van die begin van die Skepping van die wêreld af.

Deur om die Bybel as literatuur en geskiedenis te lees soos wat die Humaniste dit doen gaan jy net een gedeelte van die Skrifte sien. Die Humaniste het gereageer teen die Middeleeue skolastiek en Gnostisisme waarop Roomse Katolisisme gebaseer is, maar hulle benadering van die Skrifte het daartoe aanleiding gegee dat die diepte van die Skrifte uit hulle gesigsveld verdwyn het.

Om Openbaring te verstaan.

Deur om van die historiese grammatika metodes (Streng volgens die reëls) gebruik te maak was die Hervormers daartoe instaat om waarhede soos Regverdigheid deur Geloof en die Gesag van Skrifte te ontdek, maar dit is al wat hulle kon sien en dit is waar hulle gestop het. Martin Luther het die Boek Romeine as die hoof boek van die Bybel gesien maar hy het die Boek Openbaring totaal verwerp terwyl Openbaring oor die Laaste Dae gaan. Luther het erken dat iemand met Protestante denkwyse nie hierdie Boek kan verstaan nie. Wat is verkeerd? Is die Boek Openbaring verkeerd of is dit die Protestantse denkwyse? Wees baie versigtig, Daniël (Dan. 12:4) en Johannes (Op. 10:4) is aangesê om hierdie dinge te verseël tot aan die einde, en in die volheid van God se tyd sal die interpretasie van hierdie Skrifte aan die getroue gelowiges geopenbaar word.

Wanneer jy mense sien wat diagramme en kaarte optrek en wat dink dat hulle volle eskatologiese program van Openbaring uit geredeneer het, pasop! Hierdie dinge is verseël tot op die regte tyd. God sal dit op Sy manier en op Sy tyd openbaar en dit sal stukkie vir stukkie wees. Die eerste stap is om terug te beweeg en om die Bybel te lees as ‘n Joodse Boek in plaas van ‘n Griekse boek.

Bybelse Literatuur genre.

Die Sendbriewe is kommentare op ander Skrifte, hulle vertel vir ons wat die ander Skrifte op ‘n baie praktiese vlak beteken. Dit is goed om die Sendbriewe as literatuur en geskiedenis te lees deur gebruik te maak van die historiese grammatika metodes. Maar daar is verskillende literatuur in die Bybel, verskillende literatuur genre, (skryfstyl, kuns voortbrengsels) wat God daarin geplaas het vir verskillende redes. Psalms? Hebreeuse digkuns, Openbaring –apokaliptiese literatuur. Die Evangelies? verhale; Spreuke? wysheid literatuur.

Ons lees nie ‘n brief op dieselfde wyse as dig stuk nie. Ons lees nie die Narnia Kronieke (C.S. Lewis) op dieselfde wyse as tant Sarie se brief uit die Kaap nie. As jy die Sendbriewe lees dan sal jy sien dat die apostels die ander Boeke van die Bybel nie ge?interpreteer het deur ‘n historiese grammatika metode nie.

Die Boek Hebreërs is ‘n kommentaar op die simboliek van die Levitiese priesterorde en die tempel. Kyk na Galasiërs 4:24 en verder, die verhaal van die twee vroue? dit is ‘n midrasj op die doel van die Wet. Kyk na die Sendbrief van Judas, dit midrasj literatuur. Die apostels het nie die Skrifte volgens die Protestantse historiese grammatika reëls verklaar nie.

Bybelse Profesie is ‘n patroon.

Daar is verskillende soorte profesie in die Bybel. Die twee wat belangrik is om die Laaste Dae te verstaan is die Messiaanse profesie en, met betrekking tot hierdie profesie, is daar ook die Eskatologiese profesie. Wanneer ons na Bybelse profesie kyk dan is dit baie belangrik, omdat in ons Westerse denke met ons basis in die sestiende eeu se Humanisme wat sê dat profesie bestaan uit ‘n voorspelling en ‘n vervulling.

In die Joodse denke egter, is dit nie net ‘n kwessie van iets wat voorspel is en wat in vervulling gekom het nie, dit is ‘n verkeerde opvatting van Bybelse profesie, die Jode van ouds het profesie gesien as ‘n patroon van gebeure, dinge wat gebeur en weer gebeur, met ander woorde, daar is veelvuldige vervulling in een profesie, en elke vervulling, elke siklus leer ons meer oor die uiteindelike vervulling van die profesie. Byvoorbeeld: Gedurende ‘n hongersnood gaan Abraham na Egipte. (Gen. 12:10?20) God oordeel Farao en Abraham en sy nakomelinge kom uit Egipte en hulle vat die rykdomme van Egipte saam met hulle na die Beloofde Land. Abraham se ander nakomelinge ondervind egter dieselfde ondervindinge. Gedurende ‘n hongersnood gaan hulle ook na Egipte (Gen. 42) en weereens oordeel God Farao, ‘n bose koning. Abraham se nakomelinge kom uit Egipte en hulle vat Egipte se rykdom saam met hulle (Eks. 12:36) en hulle gaan die Beloofde Land.

Wat met Abraham gebeur het, gebeur ook met sy nakomelinge. Dan gebeur dieselfde met Jesus. “En toe hulle teruggegaan het, verskyn daar 'n engel van die HERE in 'n droom aan Josef en sê: Staan op, neem die Kindjie en sy moeder en vlug na Egipte, en bly daar totdat ek jou sê; want Herodes gaan die Kindjie soek om Hom dood te maak. Hy het toe opgestaan, die Kindjie en sy moeder in die nag geneem en na Egipte vertrek. En hy was daar tot die dood van Herodes, sodat die woord vervul sou word wat die Here gespreek het deur die profeet: Uit Egipte het Ek my Seun geroep.” (Mat. 2: 12?15) Mattheus sê dat toe die Here Jesus uit Egipte gekom het, na die slegte koning se dood is die Profesie van Hosea vervul. “Toe Israel 'n kind was, het Ek hom liefgehad, en uit Egipte het Ek my seun geroep. (Hos. 11:1)

Hosea hoofstuk 11 gaan oor die Eksodus, oor wat met Moses gebeur het, volgens die Historiese grammatika reëls word hier gepraat van die Eksodus en nie oor die Messias nie, maar dit wil voorkom asof Mattheus hierdie Skrif gedeelte buite alle redelike konteks aanhaal en dit verander sodat dit oor Jesus gaan. Was Mattheus verkeerd? Of is daar iets verkeerd met Protestantse interpretasie van die Bybel? Daar is niks verkeerd met Mattheus nie, en daar is ook niks verkeerd met die Nuwe Testament nie maar daar is iets verkeerd met ons Protestantse mentaliteit.

Nie ‘n Voorspelling nie, maar ‘n patroon.

Die Joodse idee van profesie is nie voorspellings nie maar ‘n patroon. Abraham het uit Egipte gekom toe God Farao geoordeel het. Abraham se nakomelinge kom uit Egipte toe ‘n bose koning geoordeel was.

Dan word ‘n ander bose koning geoordeel en die Messias kom uit Egipte, hier sien ons verskeie vervulling van profesie. Volgens midrasj is Israel ‘n indirekte verwysing na Yeshua (Jesus) die Messias. Wanneer jy verse sien soos: Israel my heerlikheid, my eersgeborene, dan is dit midrasj verwysings na die Messias. Maar dan, in 1 Kor. 10 gebeur daar iets: Ons kom uit Egipte uit. Paulus vertel vir ons dat Egipte die beeld, die simbool van die wêreld is. Farao wat deur die Egiptenare vergoddelik en wat as God aanbid was, is ook die simbool van die duiwel, die god van hierdie wêreld. Net soos wat Moses ‘n verbond met bloed gesluit het en die mense met bloed besprinkel het, net so het Jesus ook ‘n verbond gesluit. Moses het vir veertig dae gevas, en so ook Jesus. Jesus is ‘n Profeet soos Moses, wat in Deut.

18:18 geprofeteer is. Net soos wat Moses die kinders van Israel uit Egipte deur die water in die Beloofde Land ingelei het, so lei Jesus ons ook uit die wêreld deur die doopwater na die hemel. Weereens ‘n

patroon. Maar dan word die perd en sy ruiter in die see gewerp. (Eks. 15:1) Ons sing die lied van Moses? die perd en sy ruiter is in die see gewerp? Op. 15: 3. Hoekom? Dit is ‘n patroon, die uiteindelike betekenis van die uittog uit Egipte is die opstanding en die wegraping van die Kerk. Die oordele wat ons in Eksodus sien word in Openbaring herhaal. Net soos wat Farao se towenaars daartoe instaat was om die wonderwerke van Moses en Aäron te vervals, gaan die Antichris en die valse profeet ook die wonderwerke van Jesus en Sy Getuienisse vervals. Hulle het Josef se beendere met die Eksodus (13:19) saam met hulle uit Egipte gebring. Hoekom? Die wat in Christus gesterwe het sal eerste opstaan, dit is patroon. Dit is die outyd se Joodse denkwyse wat die Nuwe Testament voortgebring het, hulle het nie na profesie gekyk as ‘n voorspelling nie maar as ‘n patroon. Om te kan weet wat in die toekoms gaan gebeur moet jy gaan kyk wat in die verlede gebeur het. Daar is veelvuldige vervullings en elke suksesvolle vervulling vertel vir ons iets oor die uiteindelike vervulling daarvan.

Die oplossing van die vergelyking.

Jy sal nooit die Boek Openbaring verstaan met die beperkte benadering van Bybelse interpretasie wat in die Protestantse kringe gehandhaaf word nie. Midrasj is soos ‘n kwadratiese vergelyking of ‘n baie komplekse tweede orde differensiale vergelyking, ‘n dertien of ‘n veertien stap vergelyking. Sommige mense neem die eerste stap van historiese grammatiese eksegese en dan dink hulle die vergelyking is opgelos. Daar is niks verkeerd met wat hulle doen nie, maar wat hulle nie doen nie is baie verkeerd en die vergelyking word nie opgelos nie. Die grammatika eksegese is ‘n belangrike eerste stap en dit is goed om die Sendbriewe te lees, maar dit is al. Dit vat die wysheid van die profete van ouds om waarlik hierdie dinge te kan verstaan. “Hier kom die wysheid te pas. Wie die verstand het, laat hom die getal van die dier bereken??” (Op. 13:18)? Dit is nie die wysheid van die sestiende eeu nie maar die wysheid van die Eerste Eeu.

Jer. 6:16: “So spreek die HERE: Staan op die weë, en kyk en vra na die ou paaie, waar tog die goeie weg is, en wandel daarin; en julle sal rus vind vir julle siel. Maar hulle het gesê: Ons wil daarin nie wandel nie.” †††



By David Passmore July 14, 2026
Circling the wagons Ruben Rothler LLB, LLM Israel is a society riddled with tension and division. It is sociologically, if not politically miraculous that a country drawing Jews from all over the world is able to exist at all. The army affords a degree of integration as a melting pot. But this is only a marginal source of national unity in the overall scheme of things. More so are the myriads of external threats that face this small country. In the former generation the Ashkenazi (Jews of European descent) - Sephardic (Jews of Oriental descent) divide was far more pronounced. The dominant Ashkenazi establishment held the reins of political and economic power which was resented by the Sephardim. However, due to a combination of inter-marriage and political accommodation much of the chasm that separated these distinct groups was forged. Menachem Begin (an Ashkenazi politician) in 1970 successfully ran on the Likud Party ticket with a campaign that brought Sephardic Jews under his conservative political umbrella. Later the immigration of Russian Jews following the end of Communism would add a whole new dimension to the Israeli demographic milieu. The younger generation of these immigrants tended to adapt well to Israeli society and contributed much to the economy. The wider division in Israeli society that crosses ethnic lines concerns that between religious and secular Jews. This can be further bifurcated to the clash between the secular and specifically ultra-orthodox Jews (Haredim) as distinguished from the national religious Jews (Dati Leumi). The Secular and the Religious generally part on what they envisage a Jewish State to entail. Religious Jews desire the State to strictly adhere to the stipulations of Jewish Law (Halacha), while at present Halakhic influence is largely limited to certain areas of Family Law concerning Jewish citizens. Wider considerations of promoting a socially conservative political agenda would also be forefront amongst the religious mindset broadly. Secular Jews view the imposition of such proposed measures as a serious infringement of their civil rights. With regard to the Haredim, the bone of contention looms larger, in that this group is fundamentally opposed to participating in society at large. This is acutely manifested in diminished contribution to the work force and a refusal to be conscripted into the army. The 2023 judicial reform protests posed a significant threat to social civil order. The nation appeared to be bitterly divided into two opposing camps. This split reflected broader divisions concerning visions of how the country should be governed. The judicial reforms would have weakened the Supreme Court's ability to render the Executive branch accountable. However, the Supreme Court was also accused of using its considerable powers to promote a socially liberal agenda. Left wing secular Israelis tended to oppose the proposed reforms while those on the right (which included the majority of Religious Jews) supported the reforms. Every weekend droves of protesters were brought onto the streets causing major disturbances to traffic. The polarising nature of this impasse threatened the future of Israeli democracy. It was the October 7th attack that brought a swift end to this public debate and civil strife. The nation instinctually united in response to this common existential threat. The judicial reforms were shelved for a future point when the urgent security threats subsided. However, as the war dragged on the enduring issue of Haredi refusal to conscript into the army became more pronounced. Mounting casualties combined with ever increasing manpower demands to field troops on the multiple theatres of action on which the IDF is engaged has depleted the ranks, and the army is now in much need of fresh conscripts. Haredi belligerent refusal to participate in the pressing national defence has escalated from being a political debate to a matter of very practical vital importance. Overall we can observe that the challenges to national unity in successive generations since the establishment of Israel has recurrently been ameliorated by the common necessity of defence towards outside threats. Most recently we can see this happening with regard to the global anti Semitism and anti-Zionism that has been raging since the October 7th atrocities. These hostile attitudes have paradoxically acted as a force which promotes nationalism and a sense of national cohesion in Israel that otherwise might not functionally exist.  (Author is an Israeli American lawyer academically qualified in British and in U.S.A. law, and a graduate of the School of Oriental & African Studies, London. He is a Jewish believer in Jesus and is currently based in Israel).
By David Passmore July 8, 2026
A Divided Nation Rubin Rothler LLB, LLM The Haredi community has had a complicated, paradoxical relationship with the State since its founding. Rooted in a Talmudic precept that the Jews are forbidden to resettle the land of Israel en masse by force before the coming of the Messiah, the secular democratic State of Israel presents itself as blasphemous by its mere existence. Yet due to practical considerations such as the need to obtain funding for its religious academies the Haredi leadership reached a settlement with the State's founders that exempted Haredi men from being conscripted for military service. This was at a time when the Haredi population in Israel was relatively small. Over the past decades this demographic ballooned until the point that soon the majority of Jewish children in Israel will be born into Haredi families. Such a situation is clearly unsustainable. Recently the Knesset's (Parliament's) Haredi parties have pressured their coalition partners in government to codify Torah Study as part of the Country's Basic Laws. This was purposefully done to elevate the status of their institutions to be on parity with service in the IDF. Israel is yet to promulgate a written Constitution, so legislation classed as a Basic Law holds Constitutional status for all intents and purposes. These moves by the religious parties represent a back door power grab to enshrine in law very significant hurdles to prevent the enlistment of Haredi men. The burden of Israel's defence is comparatively massive for a country its size and it is vastly disproportionately shouldered by the secular population. Until now there have been political initiatives to conscript the Haredim. But given the huge manpower shortages emerging in the wake of near continual conflict on multiple fronts since the events of October 7th this matter has become urgent and not merely a theoretical discussion of what is fair and equitable. It is important to draw a distinction between the Haredim and national religious Jews (Dati Leumi). The Haredim adhere to a lifestyle entirely committed to observance of Jewish Law and Talmudic study. This is embraced to the exclusion of gainful employment and participation in wider society. They are either outrightly opposed to Zionism or consider themselves non-Zionist. Conversely, followers of the national religious movement in Israel although being observant of Jewish law and learning would alongside this pursue secular professions. Furthermore, they are ardently Zionist and disproportionately serve in IDF combat units. This is often done within the framework of a program called Hesder Yeshiva that combines religious learning with military service. Efforts to cater a similar model for accommodating Haredi participation in the IDF have so far failed to make substantial gains. Such measures designed to override Haredi objections to service based upon modesty concerns by strict segregation of the sexes in these specially formed units have failed to appease the Haredi leadership. For them, any form of military service is considered a dereliction of their duty to fully devote themselves to a Torah lifestyle. They argue that their Talmudic learning and prayers are in itself a form of national service and act to protect the Jewish people spiritually from enemy attack. It is as if two parallel societies exist within Israel. And the trajectory of separation between the two is only growing. The Haredim are cloistered away in their Yeshivas, immersed in lives devoted to adhering to the stipulations of Jewish law. While the particulars of actually running the State is left to the Secular. The Haredim desire all the benefits of subsidizing their lifestyle without contributing to society. What we really have going on here at source is two profoundly different and opposing ideological visions of what is important in life and what is the purpose of a Jewish State. At the State's founding these divergent perspectives were more manageable. Ben Gurion only had to contend with one religious party –the National Religious Party. Later in 1970 Begin aligned with the NRP to form a coalition government that also brought Sephardic Jews under the Likud umbrella which had the effect of bringing unity to the country by bridging the Ashkenazi-Sephardi divide. However, over time Israeli politics has seen a proliferation of religious parties, gaining further leverage as king brokers in forming governments due to the proportionate representation voting system which secular Israelis not uncommonly view as political blackmail. (Author is an Israeli American lawyer academically qualified in British and in U.S.A. law, and a graduate of the School of Oriental & African Studies, London. He is a Jewish believer in Jesus and is currently based in Israel).
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By Mea Fredrickson June 23, 2026
New Paragraph
By David Passmore June 22, 2026
THE CAPTION AT THE HEAD OF THE POSTER IMAGE FOR THE MOVIE ‘DISCLOSURE DAY’ BOLDLY DECLARES ‘WE DESERVE TO KNOW’ Indeed, we do need to know the truth. But will we find it in Stephen Spielberg’s new movie ‘Disclosure Day’? Could it just as well be entitled ‘DECEPTION DAY’? In an interview with USA Today Spielberg says that evidence of non-human contact has become “overwhelming” to him. He has suggested that his film could raise significant theological questions for Christians. But will it? For us Christians - No, not on our watch! The movie raises no questions for those who accept the proven accuracy of God’s Word, the Bible. The film, which is capturing the imagination of the public, only confirms exactly what scripture tells us about what are in fact extra-dimensional beings. ALIENS OR FALLEN ANGELS? God inhabits the heavenly realm along with a vast array of angels. Because Lucifer, a created angel, wanted to usurp God as ruler of the universe, he was expelled to another realm outside of our time and space, along with one third of the angels who rebelled with him. These fallen angels manifest themselves as demons who can appear on earth and disappear at will. Spiritual hosts of wickedness exist in heavenly places, wherever this realm is, it is not the place where God dwells. ARE ALIENS BENEVOLENT? In the movie, the ‘aliens’ are portrayed as friendly beings who want to help mankind in a time of crisis. If the aliens are really demons, not visitors from outer space, this is a dangerous delusion. Whitley Striber in his book ‘Communion’ writes on encountering ‘aliens’; ‘I felt an indescribable sense of menace. Whatever was there seemed so monstrously ugly, so filthy, so dark and sinister. Of course they were demons. They have to be.’ Many others have reported similar malevolent experiences. During the movie, Daniel claims to have had an encounter with extra-terrestrials during which he received a special gift of empathy, which is regarded by him as the ultimate superpower. However, there is only One who completely understands our human frailty. We read this concerning Jesus: ‘For we do not have a high priest who is unable to empathise with our weaknesses, but we have one who has been tempted in every way, just as we are - yet he did not sin.’ (Hebrews 4 v 15). Jesus said: “Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest.” (Matthew 11 v 28) END TIMES DECEPTION Before he was crucified, Jesus warned his disciples about these last days in which we are living. The first words he used in this context were: “Watch no one deceives you. For many will come in my name saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and will deceive many.” Deception was top of the list! Later, the Apostle Paul wrote about these days: ‘The coming of the lawless one is according to the working of Satan, with all power, signs, and lying wonders, and with all unrighteous deception among those who perish, because they did not receive the love of the truth, that they might be saved.’ (2 Thessalonians 2 v 9) Have you received the love of the truth? Have you received Jesus who is the way, the truth and the life? If not, you are in great danger. Perilous times are here and they are only going to get worse as man turns more and more away from his maker. Things will only change when Jesus returns soon to establish his own Kingdom on earth, where justice and peace will rule. JESUS, OUR ONLY HOPE! The Bible says all human beings are sinners. The message of Jesus is simple; repent and believe the good news, that God wants humanity, his highest creation, to be reestablished in relationship with him. His plan was simple: to give his life in unconditional love for every human being that has and ever will live, by shedding his blood on a Roman cross. In doing this, we can receive forgiveness of sins. Our old life will then be buried with him, giving us new life with the hope of an eternal future of true peace, love and joy, with freedom from pain and tears. Why ignore such a great gift of salvation? If you do, your fate will be sealed for eternity in hell, which is a real place without God, and thus without love, to face only eternal consequences of punishment. We condemn ourselves to such a fate. REPENT AND BELIEVE THE GOSPEL BEFORE IT’S TOO LATE! Jesus loves you and asks that you repent and believe in him. It would be the best and safest decision of your life! If you commit your life to him, he will give you a new heart, you will be a new person inside. You will also gain a new desire for all that is right and true. And his Holy Spirit will give you an ability to discern the lies of the age we are living in. ‘For God so loved the world, that he gave us his only son, that whosoever believes in him, will not perish, but have eternal life.’ (John 3:16) FINALLY, A RECOMMENDATION  All that is described in this leaflet has been open, in the light for millennia. On the other hand, the theory of extra-terrestrial life has been hidden in darkness, awaiting ‘Disclosure Day’. Which would you prefer to believe, the Word of God, or the word of Stephen Spielberg? I made my choice years ago, and have never regretted it! If this message has spoken to you, just call upon Jesus in a short prayer. Confess to him that you are a sinner in need of salvation. Ask him in sincerity to forgive you and to fill you with his Holy Spirit. You will then become what the Bible describes as being ‘born again’. (John 3 v 7) Then you need to seek a Bible believing church where you can be baptised and become part of a group of believers who can help you get to know Jesus more and more fully. “And you shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free” (John 8 v 32)
By David Passmore June 20, 2026
Prayer request for Teerth Sond Petitioned Prayer-Supplication/Personal Prayer/ Collective Prayer/Thanks Giving Prayer Our Dear brethren in Yeshua, my family & myself Teerth request your prayers in The Spirit that the latest drugs Ramicirumab & Pacilitaxel will destroy the cancer cell in the Authority Of The Lord Yeshua in The Power of The Holy Spirit. Targeted Petition: Please stand with us in prayer & fasting; The Lord will target the 2cm legion & that it will be cast out of my Liver in the love (agape), compassion, kindness, grace, mercy of God. I do not deserve it because of me- but By His Stripes we are healed for His Glory. This will allow the main operation to go ahead (which should have been done 18 months ago). Step by Step in the leading of The Holy Spirit and the in the Lord Step by Step, as our beautiful sister Beryl said, has worked on my Spiritual man- thank you Lord for waking me up. Lord raise me up for your glory forever because of your love to me, the family & fellowship- an unworthy sinner saved by your grace & love. Email sent to my Oncologist & my Local MP: Greetings Natasha & Dr Mano Joseph Hope All Is Well Thank you for our meeting today. At our meeting we discussed my MRI & CT scans which were done in May 2026. We discussed the operation on my oesophagus which I believe is the best option. (This should have been done 18 months ago). My Kidney operation will be done- non evasive- Lord willing within the next month. Will you be talking to Mr Chacravaty about this? The liver must be targeted first- this is wisdom and the latest radiotherapy treatments available- proton therapy-radiotherapy atezolizumab and bevacizumab sorafenib lenvatinib regorafenib cabozantinib durvalumab and tremelimumab At the meeting we discussed the next CT & MRI scans to be held end off July. Wouldn't it be to better to have them in August so by then I've had 4 full treatments on the latest medication. Also we have Zolbetuximab on compassionate usage- all glory to The Lord. After all the past wrongs I have no doubt now Dr Joseph you will pursue the best for me and family. Dear brethren- King Manasseh, David, Hannah, The Church For Peter, James, The Lord Jesus Christ for example made petitions onto the Lord. We pray as one body to cast off the illness in the Power of The Holy & The Authority Of Yeshua. The Great Physician who came for the ill. To lay out raised hands 🙌🏽 upon the head of our Lord. ABBA/Daddy/Lord in your mercy have mercy on us. Love you all in Yeshua our Lord & God. Teerth, Family & Fellowship
By David Passmore June 19, 2026
The End of an Extended Honeymoon – Are Trump and Netanyahu Parting Ways? Rubin Rothler LLB, LLM  The Israeli public had high hopes for Trump. Unlike his predecessors, he consistently endorsed Israeli measures of self-defence in the different theatres of conflict in which it had to contend. Further to these ends Trump shared in Netanyahu’s determined agenda of preventing the Iranians from pursuing the proliferation of nuclear weapons. During Trump's first term he tore up Obama's negotiated settlement with the Iranians concerning enriched Uranium, echoing Netanyahu’s position that it didn't go far enough. Now in his second term Trump partnered with Israel in a war with Iran that turned out to lack clearly defined goals. The campaign required resolve on the part of America that it wasn't willing to commit. After an initial lightning blitzkrieg that decapitated the Iranian leadership, the Persians dug in and the conflict became a protracted war of attrition hinging on Iran's stranglehold on the straits of Hormuz that could only be realistically lifted by placing boots on the ground or an intensified air war directed against Iranian coastal positions and the destruction of Kharg island, or at least the viable threat to obliterate Kharg island if Iran did not acquiesce. It transpired that Trump and Netanyahu underestimated the resilience of the Iranian regime, thinking that it had already received a near mortal blow during the prior popular demonstrations. So now we are left with a situation where Trump is exasperated with this protracted endeavour and appears to be aiming his frustration towards Netenyahu. A sticking point is Israel's continued occupation of Southern Lebanon. Iran is insistent that Israel withdraw its forces from there as a precursor to fully committing itself to a final status agreement with the U.S. to put an end to its nuclear aspirations. With the midterm elections looming Trump seems to be desperate for an exit strategy from this war. From Israel's perspective the fight against Hizbollah is an inextricable part of the Iranian equation. The IDF has invested massive resources and personnel in the hopes of quashing the Iranian proxy once and for all. Netanyahu is determined to build on the momentum achieved after the spectacular pager attack in 2024. After the catastrophic Hamas massacres of October 7th, the majority of the Israeli public is unwilling to tolerate a capable hostile force on its borders. Trump's proposed solution to this dilemma unrealistically suggests that Syria should take on the role of disarming and removing Hizbollah from Lebanon. In the ultimate reckoning of international relations, America doesn't have iron clad allies, but rather interests like any other nation. If, (as appears to be occurring now) U.S. and Israeli interests fail to align the two countries will cease to act in unison and there may be a rupture in relations on the not-too-distant horizon. Trump has indicated that Israel owes him big time. He has asserted that were it not for his decisive actions they would have been obliterated by Iran's missiles. This is nothing to say of the robust diplomatic support Trump has lent Israel in such forums as the United Nations Security Council and sanctioning officials of the International Criminal Court. Netanyahu is acutely aware of what may be next after Trump. The way public opinion is turning against Israel it is unlikely that the next administration is going to be any way near as friendly as Trump has been thus far to Israel. Trump too of course is mindful of this turning tide opposing Israel. The Iran war has been unpopular to his domestic audience, and the President has been caricatured as Netanyahu’s stooge doing Israel's bidding. Another major consideration for Trump is the colossal impact that the war has had on his other major regional allies: the Gulf States and Saudi Arabia. They have received the brunt of the Iranian backlash that has effectively targeted their energy infrastructure and trading routes. They, along with the Europeans have been exerting pressure on Trump to end the conflict and reopen the Straits of Hormuz regardless of whether the most favourable terms of Iranian capitulation are achieved. Israel, however important a strategic asset and technological powerhouse will not override these broader concerns that are endangering global energy markets. An unspoken factor is Trump's propensity for a belligerent severing of his relationship with allies in the political sphere. His public displays of hostility with former political allies such Senator Ted Cruz, Governor Ron Santos and Elon Musk demonstrate a temperament that the same kind of falling out could invoke with strategic allies as well as those political. Both Trump and Netanyahu are approaching the sunset of their political careers and are naturally inclined to deeply consider the legacies they will leave behind. In the international sphere Trump projected himself as a peacemaker from a position of strength. But as many commentators have pointed out, the war with Iran demonstrated the limits of U.S. power. Trump appraised Iran as low hanging fruit that could be swiftly toppled like Venezuela. However, when push came to shove and the only prospect of landing a decisive blow demanded a massive ground offensive on the scale of the Iraq war, he bottled out and sued for a premature peace that will leave Netanyahu in the cold. Netanyahu is anxious to rehabilitate the injury inflicted on his reputation of the greatest disaster to have occurred in Israel's history having happened on his watch. Eliminating Iran as the great regional adversary pulling the strings of its proxies would have done much in this regard. Neither leader is able to craft their legacies as they would have wanted. Trump is choosing the perceived option of mitigating the damage done to his legacy in foreign affairs. He is trying hard to sell his Iran deal as being more than what Obama bargained in terms of guaranteeing a nuclear free Iran. But as further details of his proposal are leaked this is becoming a tall order. Netanyahu is faced with October elections and he may decide to stay the course in Lebanon as otherwise he will seem weak to most voters. Should this happen, we will be in uncharted waters as it will thwart Trump's designs for an immediate end to this affair.
By David Passmore June 17, 2026
The Battlefield for Israel's Reputation Rubin Rothler LLB, LLM Israel has enjoyed strong U.S. support since its founding. Within eleven minutes of Israel's Declaration of Independence Truman recognized the Jewish State. Under the Kennedy administration the Pentagon sold advanced missile systems to Israel. However, it was the 1970 attempted PLO takeover of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan that demonstrated to the U.S. Israel's regional prowess and indispensability for implementing Washington's agenda. During Arafat's attempted Coup Syria mobilized its forces on the Jordanian border in support of the PLO's bid to dislodge the ruling Hashemite dynasty. Upon Washington's direction the IDF also mobilized its army upon its border with Jordan, thereby deterring the Syrians from taking further action. From then, the Pentagon and U.S. military planners invested heavily in promoting Israel's defence. During the 1973 Yom Kippur War disaster Nixon's massive air lift came to Israel's aid. For decades U.S. diplomatic and military support for Israel was a non-partisan issue. Both Democrat and Republican members of Congress voted nearly unanimously in support of measures concerning Israel. However, in the mid 2010's this began to change. To the extent that now 80% of Democrats hold views in opposition to Israel and this is reflected in how their representatives are acting. It is difficult to praise an exact moment when this turning point occurred. For years Democrat grassroots activist groups across the nation were lobbying their local representatives about their attitudes to Palestine and the mass student protest movements following the Gaza war built upon this momentum. The dual standards by the academic establishment were riddled with hypocrisy as if by the same criteria Israel is condemned for its responsive self-defence counter attacks in Lebanon and Gaza, Britain and America would be similarly indicted for what they did to Dresden, Hamburg and Berlin in response to Hitler. This is facilitated by the funding of Western Universities by Qatar and other Islamic interests associated with the Muslim Brotherhood. There is alienation between Israelis and the traditional left-centre Jewish Diaspora in the U.S. with a third of New York Jews voting for Mandani a vehement anti-Zionist in the New York Mayoral election. This is counterbalanced by a growing Jewish Right in America led by Ben Shapiro, David Ruben, Dennis Prager, Mark Levin and Trump advisor Steven Miller who are in political harmony with the Evangelical Right. The Republicans are also approaching a crossroads. Just as the Democrats have been hijacked by the Woke Left there has emerged a virulently anti-Zionist Woke Right led by Tucker Carlson, Nick Fuentes and Candace Owen who are also attempting to hijack the Republicans. What is alarming here, is the fact that the majority of young Republicans under forty now hold an unfavourable view of Israel. So, it is very much a matter of fighting for the future of the Republican Party. The growing populist movements in Britain and Europe may counter the anti-Zionist and anti- Semitic political activities of the Muslim vote and their left-wing allies. In any eventuality, even if the least favourable trajectory of U.S. public opinion were to further materialize it is unlikely to dismantle the massive military and intelligence sharing cooperation between the U.S. and Israel. The Pentagon views Israel as far too big of a strategic asset in a volatile region to cut ties with. (Author is an Israeli American lawyer academically qualified in British and in U.S.A. law, and a graduate of the School of Oriental & African Studies, London. He is a Jewish believer in Jesus and is currently based in Israel).
By David Passmore June 10, 2026
MAJOR PRAYER REQUEST - STEVE MITCHELL MORIEL ORPHANAGE (Andar Pradesh, INDIA) Please read the enclosed missions report from Moriel Missions Branch India: Our children need us and we put a lot of money into buying and then expanding the Moriel orphanage to take in more children. These precious orphan children are coming to Christ and the devil is angry. Until now we had opposition from radical Sheikhs at the Moriel Horeb church we built in Punjab, but the Hindu Authorities in Andar Pradesh have largely until now left us alone. The BJP government is however as wicked as Hamas or Hezbollah - only Hindu (I was in India when radical Hindus burned the Australian missionary family alive in their car; these are the ones who wanted to murder Steve Mitchell when Moriel helped to quickly get him out of the country some years ago). Some pastors have been murdered again in West Bengal. (Samuel, who oversees the Moriel orphanage went to Bible College with one of them). Because our orphan children are Dalet (treated as subhuman 'out casts' by the Hindu caste system), or from Muslim backgrounds, we have largely been been left alone and some of the local officials liked us. This is obviously not a good situation. Prayer is urgently requested. Please pray for Mark Masih particularly that they will not cancel his visa. They are now forbidding us from bringing any more bibles into the country. What would happen if Britain, Australia, or America outlawed Hindus from bringing the Bhagavad Gita into England, Oz, or the USA? MARANATHA Come Quickly Lord Jesus  "You Will Be Hated By Men For My Name's Sake" Matthew 10:22
By David Passmore May 30, 2026
Staying The Course Amidst Isolation Rubin Rothler LLB, LLM Living in Israel one gets the feeling that the metaphorical walls are closing in. Israel's reputation is being tarnished all over social media and the mainstream media, and this is reflected in massive public disdain towards this country. We are constantly told that there is near consensus amongst academics and commentators that a genocide was committed in Gaza. The very legitimacy of the state is brought into question. The majority of Americans are now hostile towards Israel. There is real fear that the next U.S. administration will turn against Israel. Even if this were to happen passively, by the U.S. refraining from exercising its veto power towards Security Council Resolutions condemning Israeli actions this could be catastrophic. Internally it is a fractured society leaning increasingly right wing which further alienates Israel from world opinion. An example in point is how Ben Gvir mocked the most recent participants of a global aid flotilla to Gaza. Such conduct further agitates outrage at Israel. The left-wing media presents the ruins of Gaza as a mortal wound in Israel's side. When the world observes this level of carnage no degree of public relations can ameliorate the sense of indignation towards Israel. We can liken the situation of Israel to that of a depressed person. All he sees is hopelessness and gloom. But this isn't the first time that the Jewish nation has been faced with such darkness. Things change and we don't know how the geo-political map will reconfigure in the future. We need to ride out this storm and keep going. On a historical note, the situation is reminiscent of what our ancestors faced when we returned from the Babylonian exile to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem. Nehemiah was faced with constant lies and conspiracies designed to entrap him by hostile actors: Sanballat the Horonite, Tobiah the Ammonite and Geshem the Arab. They employed deception, slander and ridicule in order to maintain their political eminence. There was also a certain sense of abandonment amongst the Jews in Israel then as in our own day. We read in the books of Ezra and Nehemiah about the anguish of the leadership in Israel concerning the lack of assistance from the Babylonian diaspora towards the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem and the Temple. Only 20% of the exiles returned to the land. It was largely the poor who returned. Most of the affluent, established Jews remained in Exile. This is a continuing theme in Jewish history. It is also important to observe that from its very beginnings there were bible believing Christians who spearheaded the return of the Jews to their land. The idea of organizing a return of the Jews to Israel began as a Protestant Restorationist objective that can be traced to 17th century Puritan England. The protagonists of the Cromwellian Republic viewed themselves as the new Israel fighting the Papist forces of Satan. Alongside this, interest grew in the notion that biblical prophecies pertaining to the return of the Jews to Israel were a necessary precursor for the return of Christ. The growth of the British Empire in the 19th century lent political clout to Christian Restorationism with specific missions to the Jews established. Although there had been a longing to return to Israel as written in the thrice daily Amidah prayer, Jewish Zionism arose in the midst of mid nineteenth century nationalism and was further fermented by European antisemitism. It was an altogether secular enterprise. Although Israel's situation appears rather stark, we can draw strength from the Providence afforded to our ancestors in the days of Ezra and Nehemiah when they too were faced with defamation. This is also an opportunity to grow closer to our natural allies in the evangelical world who from the beginning of Zionism were steadfast supporters of the project to establish a Jewish homeland in Israel.  (Author is an Israeli American lawyer academically qualified in British and in U.S.A. law, and a graduate of the School of Oriental & African Studies, London. He is a Jewish believer in Jesus and is currently based in Israel).